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Generic Stalevo Information
Introduction
Stalevo is a fixed‑dose combination medication used primarily to manage the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in adults living in the United Kingdom. It contains three active substances—levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone—that work together to increase dopamine availability in the brain while reducing peripheral side effects. Roche Pharmaceuticals Ltd is the recognised marketing authorisation holder for Stalevo in the UK. The drug belongs to the therapeutic groups for movement disorders and mental illness, reflecting its central action on dopaminergic pathways.
What is Stalevo?
Stalevo is a tablet‑based, oral formulation that combines levodopa (the dopamine precursor), carbidopa (a peripheral dopa‑decarboxylase inhibitor), and entacapone (a catechol‑O‑methyltransferase, or COMT, inhibitor). The combination is intended to provide more continuous dopaminergic stimulation than levodopa alone, thereby smoothing fluctuations in motor control. Roche introduced Stalevo in the early 200s as an advance over standard levodopa/carbidopa preparations.
How Stalevo Works
Levodopa crosses the blood–brain barrier and is converted to dopamine, the neurotransmitter deficient in Parkinson’s disease. Carbidopa inhibits aromatic L‑amino‑acid decarboxylase in the periphery, preventing premature conversion of levodopa to dopamine outside the brain; this raises the proportion of levodopa that reaches the central nervous system and reduces nausea and vomiting. Entacapone blocks COMT, an enzyme that metabolises levodopa in the periphery, extending levodopa’s plasma half‑life and allowing a more stable plasma concentration. The net effect is a reduction in “off” periods and a smoother response to each dose. Onset of clinical benefit typically occurs within 30–60 minutes, with a duration of action that can exceed 4 hours, depending on individual metabolism and disease stage.
Conditions Treated with Stalevo
- Parkinson’s disease (idiopathic) – Stalevo is indicated for adults with Parkinson’s disease who experience motor fluctuations (wearing‑off) despite stable levodopa/carbidopa therapy.
- Parkinsonian syndrome secondary to other aetiologies – Occasionally used off‑label for drug‑induced or vascular Parkinsonian syndromes where dopaminergic deficit is confirmed.
In the UK, an estimated 145,000 people are living with Parkinson’s disease, with incidence rising with age. Maintaining motor function improves independence and reduces caregiver burden, making effective symptom control a public health priority.
Who is Stalevo For?
- Patients already on levodopa/carbidopa who experience wearing‑off or early morning akinesia and need prolonged dopaminergic coverage.
- Individuals with moderate to severe motor fluctuations where dose‑frequency escalation is impractical or leads to dyskinesia.
- Adults (≥ 18 years) who can swallow tablets whole and have no contraindications such as hypersensitivity to any component, history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or severe hepatic impairment.
Stalevo is generally avoided in:
- Patients with narrow‑angle glaucoma, because increased dopamine may raise intra‑ocular pressure.
- Those taking non‑selective MAO‑inhibitors (e.g., phenelzine) due to risk of hypertensive crisis.
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women, unless the potential benefit outweighs risk as assessed by a specialist.
Risks, Side Effects, and Interactions
Common
- Nausea, vomiting, or dyspepsia
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Dizziness or light‑headedness
- Dry mouth
Rare
- Hallucinations or psychotic symptoms (especially in older adults)
- Peripheral oedema
- Urinary retention
Serious
- Severe dyskinesia (involuntary movements) that can interfere with daily activities
- Neuroleptic malignant‑like syndrome (fever, rigidity, autonomic instability)
- Hepatic dysfunction (elevated transaminases) attributable to entacapone
Drug–drug interactions
- MAO‑B inhibitors (e.g., selegiline, rasagiline) can amplify dopaminergic effects; dose adjustment is required.
- Non‑selective MAO‑A inhibitors (e.g., phenelzine) may precipitate hypertensive crises; concurrent use is contraindicated.
- Antipsychotics with strong dopamine D2 antagonism (e.g., haloperidol) reduce Stalevo’s efficacy and may trigger worsening of Parkinsonian symptoms.
- Iron supplements and high‑protein meals can impair levodopa absorption; spacing of at least 1 hour is recommended.
Patients should always disclose all current medicines, including over‑the‑counter products and herbal supplements, to their prescriber.
Practical Use: Dosing, Missed Dose, Overdose
- Standard starting dose: 200 mg levodopa/ 50 mg carbidopa/ 200 mg entacapone (one tablet) taken three times daily, with meals. Dose may be titrated in 100 mg levodopa increments based on clinical response.
- Maximum recommended dose: 800 mg levodopa per day (four tablets per dose, four times daily) to minimise risk of dyskinesia.
- Missed dose: If a scheduled dose is forgotten and the next dose is > 6 hours away, take the missed tablet as soon as remembered. If the next dose is due within a short interval, skip the missed tablet and resume the regular schedule; do not double‑dose.
- Overdose: Symptoms may include severe nausea, vomiting, confusion, agitation, or cardiac arrhythmia. Seek urgent medical attention; supportive care (gastric lavage, activated charcoal) may be employed in hospital settings.
- Food and alcohol: Take Stalevo with food to reduce gastrointestinal irritation, but avoid high‑protein meals immediately before dosing. Alcohol can exacerbate dizziness and should be consumed cautiously.
Buying Stalevo from Our Online Pharmacy
Stalevo can be obtained safely through our online pharmacy in the UK. We source the medication from licensed overseas manufacturers who meet UK‑MHRA standards, ensuring that each tablet matches the authorised composition.
- Affordable pricing – Our cost structure is close to the manufacturer’s price, offering a lower out‑of‑pocket expense than many high‑street pharmacies.
- Verified quality – All batches undergo third‑party testing for potency, purity, and stability before dispatch.
- Guaranteed delivery – Discreet, trackable shipping is available; express delivery typically arrives within 7 days, while standard airmail may take up to 3 weeks.
- Pharmacy broker service – We act as an intermediary between you and accredited international pharmacies, providing a confidential service that respects your privacy while complying with UK import regulations.
This approach offers a reliable alternative for patients who encounter supply shortages, limited insurance coverage, or geographic barriers to accessing Stalevo through conventional channels.
FAQ
-
Can Stalevo be taken with other Parkinson’s medications such as rasagiline?
Yes, rasagiline—a selective MAO‑B inhibitor—can be co‑prescribed with Stalevo, but dose adjustments may be needed to avoid excessive dopaminergic activity. Monitoring for dyskinesia and orthostatic symptoms is recommended. -
What should I do if I experience sudden worsening of tremor while on Stalevo?
An abrupt increase in motor symptoms may indicate “off” periods or disease progression. Contact your neurologist promptly to review the dosing schedule and consider adding or adjusting adjunctive therapy. -
Is there a need to adjust Stalevo dose during renal impairment?
Mild to moderate renal dysfunction does not usually require dose changes, but severe renal failure can increase plasma levodopa levels, raising the risk of side effects. A nephrology‑led review is advisable for patients with eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m². -
Does Stalevo have any impact on laboratory drug testing?
Standard urine drug screens do not detect levodopa, carbidopa, or entacapone. However, some specialized assays used in research settings may identify levodopa metabolites if specifically requested. -
Can Stalevo tablets be split to achieve lower doses?
The tablets are not scored and splitting may result in uneven distribution of the three active ingredients, compromising efficacy and safety. Dose adjustments should be made using whole tablets prescribed by a clinician. -
How should Stalevo be stored when travelling abroad?
Keep the tablets in their original blister pack, stored at a controlled room temperature (15‑30 °C). Avoid exposure to extreme heat, moisture, or direct sunlight. A portable insulated pouch can protect the medication during long flights. -
Are there differences in Stalevo formulation between the UK and other regions?
The UK‑approved formulation contains 200 mg levodopa, 50 mg carbidopa, and 200 mg entacapone per tablet, identical to the European Union version. Some markets (e.g., the United States) use slightly different levodopa/entacapone ratios, so clinicians should verify the exact composition before prescribing. -
What inactive ingredients are present in Stalevo tablets?
Common excipients include microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, and colloidal silicon dioxide. Patients with severe lactose intolerance or hypersensitivity should discuss alternatives with their prescriber. -
Can Stalevo be used in patients with a history of melanoma?
Current evidence does not link levodopa‑based therapy with melanoma development. Nonetheless, regular dermatological examinations are advised for all Parkinson’s patients, irrespective of treatment, because the disease itself may be associated with increased skin cancer risk. -
Is a dose‑frequency reduction possible after long‑term stability on Stalevo?
Once motor symptoms are well‑controlled, neurologists may attempt dose simplification, such as extending dosing intervals or using continuous‑release formulations, but any changes must be medically supervised to avoid breakthrough “off” periods. -
Does Stalevo interact with caffeine or nicotine?
Moderate caffeine intake does not appreciably affect levodopa absorption, but excessive coffee consumption may increase gastric acidity and marginally reduce bioavailability. Nicotine has no direct pharmacokinetic interaction, though smoking can enhance hepatic metabolism of some drugs, warranting close monitoring.
Glossary
- Levodopa
- A synthetic precursor of dopamine that crosses the blood–brain barrier and is converted to dopamine within central nervous system neurons.
- Carbidopa
- An inhibitor of peripheral aromatic L‑amino‑acid decarboxylase; it prevents the premature conversion of levodopa to dopamine outside the brain, improving central availability and reducing gastrointestinal side effects.
- COMT inhibitor
- A drug that blocks catechol‑O‑methyltransferase, an enzyme responsible for metabolising levodopa in the periphery, thereby prolonging its plasma half‑life.
- Wearing‑off
- The re‑emergence of Parkinsonian symptoms before the next scheduled dose of levodopa, indicating a decline in drug efficacy over time.
⚠️ Disclaimer
The information provided about Stalevo is for general knowledge only. It does not replace professional medical consultation. All treatment decisions should be made under the supervision of a qualified healthcare provider. We assume all readers are responsible adults capable of making informed decisions about their health. Our online pharmacy offers access to Stalevo for individuals who may have limited availability through traditional pharmacies, prescription‑based insurance schemes, or who are seeking affordable generic alternatives. Always consult your doctor before starting, changing, or discontinuing any medication.