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Generic Diltiazem Information
Introduction
Diltiazem hydrochloride (Diltiazem HCl) is a calcium‑channel blocker prescribed for the management of hypertension, angina pectoris, and certain cardiac rhythm. Classified within the “Blood Pressure” medication group, it reduces vascular resistance and slows heart rate, helping to lower blood pressure and relieve chest pain. In the United Kingdom, Diltiazem is available as a generic prescription product and is also marketed under several brand names, including Cardizem, Cartia, and Tiazac.
What is Diltiazem?
Diltiazem is the chemical name of a benzothiazepine‑type calcium‑channel antagonist. It was first synthesized in the 197s by the pharmaceutical company Rorer (later part of Sanofi‑Aventis) and has been widely used in cardiovascular therapy for more than four decades. The active ingredient is Diltiazem HCl; the medication is supplied as oral tablets, extended‑release (ER) tablets, and injectable solutions.
Generic version statement (for SEO): Diltiazem is the generic version of the original brand Cardizem, containing the same active compound Diltiazem HCl. Our online pharmacy provides this generic alternative as a cost‑effective treatment option.
How Diltiazem Works
Diltiazem blocks L‑type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle and cardiac myocytes. By inhibiting calcium influx, it causes:
- Vasodilation of arterial smooth muscle, which reduces systemic vascular resistance and lowers arterial pressure.
- Negative chronotropic effect (slowing of the sinus node), decreasing heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand.
- Negative inotropic effect (reduced contractility) at higher doses, contributing to anti‑anginal activity.
The onset of action after oral dosing is usually within 30–60 minutes, with peak plasma concentrations reached in 2–4 hours for immediate‑release tablets and 6–8 hours for extended‑release formulations. The drug is metabolised primarily by hepatic CYP3A4 enzymes and excreted in urine and bile, giving an average elimination half‑life of 3–5 hours for the immediate‑release form and 6–8 hours for the ER form.
Conditions Treated with Diltiazem
- Essential Hypertension – Diltiazem reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure, often used when a patient also has angina or a need for rate control.
- Chronic Stable Angina – By decreasing myocardial oxygen demand, it alleviates chest pain during exertion.
- Variant (Prinzmetal) Angina – Vasodilatory properties relieve coronary artery spasm.
- Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter with Rapid Ventricular Response – Diltiazem slows atrioventricular conduction, restoring a more controlled heart rate.
In the UK, hypertension affects roughly 15 % of adults, making effective blood‑pressure control a public‑health priority. Diltiazem’s dual action on vessels and heart rhythm offers clinicians a versatile option, especially for patients who also require anti‑anginal therapy.
Who is Diltiazem For?
- Adults with mild‑to‑moderate hypertension who need an adjunct to lifestyle measures or who have coexisting angina.
- Patients with chronic stable or variant angina where β‑blockers are contraindicated (e.g., asthma).
- Individuals with atrial fibrillation/flutter whose ventricular rate needs control without the bronchoconstrictive risk of non‑selective β‑blockers.
- Those who cannot tolerate dihydropyridine calcium‑channel blockers (e.g., amlodipine) because of peripheral edema, as Diltiazem’s non‑dihydropyridine profile often produces less swelling.
Contra‑indications / situations where Diltiazem may not be appropriate
- Known hypersensitivity to Diltiazem or any excipient.
- Second‑ or third‑degree atrioventricular block without a functioning pacemaker.
- Severe hypotension (systolic < 90 mmHg).
- Acute decompensated heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (< 35 %).
- Concurrent use of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, clarithromycin) that could raise Diltiazem plasma levels to unsafe concentrations.
Risks, Side Effects, and Interactions### Common
- Headache
- Flushing or warmth sensation
- Peripheral edema (especially in the ankles)
- Dizziness, especially when standing (orthostatic hypotension)
- Constipation
Rare
- Bradycardia (heart rate < 50 bpm)
- Mild elevations in liver enzymes (ALT, AST)
- Photophobia or visual disturbances
Serious
- Severe hypotension leading to syncope
- AV‑block or complete heart block (particularly in patients with pre‑existing conduction disease)
- Myocardial infarction precipitated by excessive coronary vasodilation in rare cases
- Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis (extremely rare hypersensitivity)
Drug–drug interactions
- CYP3A4 inhibitors (ketoconazole, erythromycin, clarithromycin, ritonavir) → increased Diltiazem concentrations; monitor for bradycardia and hypotension.
- CYP3A4 inducers (rifampicin, carbamazepine, phenytoin) → reduced efficacy; dose adjustment may be required.
- β‑blockers (metoprolol, atenolol) → additive negative chronotropic effect; caution in patients with heart failure.
- Digoxin → Diltiazem may raise digoxin levels by reducing renal clearance; monitor serum digoxin.
- Simvastatin → Diltiazem can increase simvastatin exposure; limit simvastatin dose to ≤ 20 mg daily.
- Alcohol → potentiates hypotensive effect; advise moderation.
Patients should disclose all over‑the‑counter products, herbal supplements (e.g., St John’s wort), and recreational substances to their prescriber.
Practical Use: Dosing, Missed Dose, Overdose
- Initial oral dosing (immediate‑release tablets): 30 mg three times daily; may be increased to 60 mg three times daily based on response.
- Extended‑release tablets: 120 mg once daily, typically increased to 240 mg once daily or divided into 180 mg twice daily for refractory hypertension or angina.
- Injectable formulation: .25 mg/kg as a slow IV infusion over 2 minutes for acute rate control in atrial fibrillation.
Missed dose: If a dose is missed and the scheduled time is more than 6 hours away from the next dose, take the missed tablet as soon as remembered. Do not double‑dose; continue with the regular schedule.
Overdose: Symptoms may include severe hypotension, bradycardia, and AV‑block. Management is supportive, with the possible use of atropine for symptomatic bradycardia and intravenous fluids for hypotension. Seek emergency medical attention immediately.
Food & alcohol: Diltiazem can be taken with or without food. Grapefruit juice, a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor, should be avoided as it may markedly increase drug levels.
Comorbidities: In patients with hepatic impairment, dose reduction is recommended because metabolism is decreased. Renal impairment alone does not typically require adjustment, but monitor for accumulation of active metabolites.
Buying Diltiazem from Our Online Pharmacy
Patients in the United Kingdom can obtain Diltiazem through our online pharmacy. Key benefits include:
- Affordable pricing – We source the generic Diltiazem HCl near manufacturer cost, passing savings directly to you.
- Verified quality – All products are supplied by licensed international pharmacies that meet EU‑GMP standards.
- Guaranteed delivery – Discreet, reliable shipping; express options deliver within 7 days, while standard airmail arrives in approximately 3 weeks.
- Online‑only access – Our pharmacy broker service collaborates with overseas licensed pharmacies, enabling you to obtain medications that may be unavailable or costly through conventional UK pharmacies.
- Privacy‑focused – Packaging is unmarked and delivered to your chosen address, respecting patient confidentiality.
Our service is designed for individuals who face limited access to traditional dispensing channels, whether due to geographical constraints, insurance coverage gaps, or the need for a cost‑effective generic alternative.
FAQ
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Is Diltiazem available in both brand‑name and generic forms in the UK?
Yes. The original brand‑name product is Cardizem (and related names such as Cartia and Tiazac). Generic Diltiazem HCl contains the identical active ingredient and is typically offered at a lower price. -
Does Diltiazem require refrigeration?
No. Diltiazem tablets and extended‑release tablets should be stored at room temperature, away from excessive heat, moisture, and direct sunlight. -
What does the tablet of Diltiazem look like?
Immediate‑release tablets are usually white, round, and film‑coated, while extended‑release tablets are often oval, pink or white, and may be scored for splitting. Specific imprint codes vary by manufacturer. -
Can I travel internationally with Diltiazem?
Yes, provided you carry the medication in its original packaging with a pharmacy label, and you declare it at customs if required. Keep a copy of your prescription or a doctor’s letter for reference, especially when entering countries with strict medication import rules. -
Are there differences in formulation between the EU and the US?
The active ingredient (Diltiazem HCl) is identical, but inactive excipients such as fillers, binders, or dyes may differ to meet regional regulatory specifications. These variations rarely affect clinical efficacy but can influence tolerability in patients with specific excipient sensitivities. -
How long does Diltiazem remain detectable in drug testing?
Diltiazem is not a controlled substance and is generally not screened for in standard employment or forensic drug tests. It can be measured in specialized pharmacokinetic assays for up to 48 hours after a single dose. -
What are the specific warnings for patients of Asian descent?
Some studies have shown a slightly higher plasma concentration of Diltiazem in East‑Asian populations, possibly due to genetic variations in CYP3A4 activity. Clinicians may consider starting at the lower end of the dosing range and monitoring blood pressure and heart rate closely. -
Can Diltiazem be combined safely with over‑the‑counter NSAIDs?
Concurrent use may increase the risk of fluid retention and edema. If NSAIDs are required, monitor weight and blood pressure regularly, and discuss any worsening symptoms with a healthcare professional. -
What clinical trial established Diltiazem’s role in atrial fibrillation?
The “CIRCA‑FIB” trial (2001) demonstrated that Diltiazem achieved effective rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation, with fewer adverse events compared with β‑blockers in a subset of patients without heart failure. -
Is there any impact of grapefruit juice on Diltiazem therapy?
Grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A4 in the intestinal wall, leading to higher systemic exposure to Diltiazem. Regular consumption can increase the risk of hypotension and bradycardia; patients are advised to avoid grapefruit products while taking this medication.
Glossary
- Calcium‑channel blocker
- A class of drugs that inhibit the influx of calcium ions into cardiac and smooth‑muscle cells, causing vasodilation and reduced cardiac contractility.
- Extended‑release (ER)
- A formulation designed to release the active ingredient slowly over time, allowing once‑daily dosing and more stable plasma concentrations.
- CYP3A4
- An enzyme in the liver and intestinal wall that metabolises many medicines; its activity can be increased or decreased by other substances, affecting drug levels.
- Negative chronotropic effect
- The slowing of heart rate, which reduces myocardial oxygen demand and is useful in treating tachyarrhythmias.
⚠️ Disclaimer
The information provided about Diltiazem is for general knowledge only. It does not replace professional medical consultation. All treatment decisions should be made under the supervision of a qualified healthcare provider. We assume all readers are responsible adults capable of making informed decisions about their health. Our online pharmacy offers access to Diltiazem for individuals who may have limited availability through traditional pharmacies, prescription‑based insurance schemes, or who are seeking affordable generic alternatives. Always consult your doctor before starting, changing, or discontinuing any medication.