Erosive Oesophagitis

Key facts

• Erosive oesophagitis is a form of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in which stomach acid repeatedly reaches the oesophagus and breaks down its inner lining, producing visible ulcers or raw patches.
• It develops when the lower oesophageal sphincter is weak or relaxes at the wrong moment, letting acid wash upward; obesity, large meals, lying down soon after eating, alcohol, and smoking all raise the risk.
• Persistent burning behind the breastbone is the main symptom, often worse after meals or at night, alongside regurgitation or trouble swallowing.
• Proton-pump inhibitors such as dexlansoprazole are the mainstay of treatment, reducing acid enough for the lining to heal over several weeks.

Why the lining erodes

The lower oesophageal sphincter is a one-way valve between the oesophagus and stomach. When it is weak or relaxes at the wrong moment, acid washes upward. Repeated exposure overwhelms the oesophagus's limited capacity to repair itself, and erosions develop. Obesity, large meals, lying down shortly after eating, alcohol, smoking, and certain medicines can all weaken the sphincter or raise stomach pressure, making erosive oesophagitis more likely.

Recognising the symptoms

Persistent burning behind the breastbone is the most common complaint, often worse after meals or at night. Some people notice difficulty or pain swallowing, regurgitation of sour fluid, or a sense of food sticking in the chest. Hoarseness or a chronic cough can appear when acid irritates the throat. An endoscopy is needed to confirm erosions and grade their severity.

Seek prompt medical attention if you notice blood in vomit or black, tarry stools, since these may signal active bleeding from an erosion.

Acid suppression as the mainstay of healing

Proton-pump inhibitors are the primary treatment. They cut acid production enough for the oesophageal lining to regenerate. Dexlansoprazole is one such medicine, with a dual-release formulation designed to give prolonged acid control across the day and night. Courses typically run several weeks, and more severe grades of erosion need longer treatment to reach full healing.

Dietary changes support recovery: smaller meals, avoiding triggers such as coffee, fatty foods, and citrus, and staying upright for at least two hours after eating all cut acid exposure between doses.

This page is educational and does not replace advice from a doctor or pharmacist who knows your health history.