Ocular Inflammation

Key facts

• Ocular inflammation is swelling, redness, or irritation affecting any part of the eye, whether from injury, surgery, infection, or an immune reaction.
• Typical signs include a gritty or burning feeling, light sensitivity, blurred vision, and a red or watery eye; deeper aching pain and pupil changes point to inflammation at the front of the eye.
• Corticosteroid drops such as dexamethasone are the mainstay treatment; an antibiotic such as tobramycin is added if bacterial infection is suspected.
• Seek same-day review if vision suddenly worsens, pain is severe, or the eye looks cloudy.

Causes and symptoms

Ocular inflammation can follow an eye injury, happen after surgery, or arise as a response to infection. The most common signs are a gritty or burning sensation, light sensitivity, blurred vision, and a visibly red or watery eye. Inflammation confined to the front of the eye (anterior uveitis or iritis) tends to cause deeper aching pain and changes in the pupil. Post-surgical inflammation is expected and usually managed as part of normal recovery, while bacterial infection often accompanies or mimics inflammation, which is why combination treatments targeting both are widely used.

How ocular inflammation is treated

Corticosteroid eye drops are the mainstay for reducing swelling and immune-driven irritation; dexamethasone is one of the most established options. When bacterial involvement is suspected or confirmed, an antibiotic such as tobramycin may be added. For inflammation with a pain or prostaglandin component, ketorolac offers a non-steroidal alternative. The full eye care range covers the available formulations.

When to seek care

Seek prompt attention if vision deteriorates suddenly, if pain is severe, or if the eye becomes cloudy; these signs warrant same-day review.

This page is educational and does not replace advice from a doctor or pharmacist who knows your health history.